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2025 NSDUH Data: Teen and Young-Adult Cannabis Use Hits Multi-Decade Low

The 2025 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), published by SAMHSA, shows that reported past-month marijuana use among adolescents aged 12–17 fell to 5.0% — down from 6.1% in 2021 and well below the 14.2% recorded in 2011. Among young adults aged 18–25, use continued a downward or stable trend over the same five-year window. These numbers come from the most authoritative annual federal survey on substance use in the United States, and they are worth understanding carefully — both for what they show and for what they cannot tell us on their own.

Key Takeaways From the 2025 NSDUH Cannabis Data

  • Past-month marijuana use among 12–17 year olds: 5.0% in 2025, down from 6.1% in 2021 and 14.2% in 2011.

  • Past-year marijuana use among adolescents: 8.7% in 2025 — also down year-over-year.

  • Approximately 300,000 fewer adolescents initiated marijuana use in 2025 compared with 2021.

  • Young adults aged 18–25 showed downward or stable past-month and past-year use trends over the five-year period.

  • The 2024 NSDUH reported 6.0% past-month use for adolescents and 24.1% for young adults aged 18–25.

What Is the NSDUH and Why Does It Matter?

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health is conducted annually by SAMHSA (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration), a division of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The survey has been running since 1971 and is the primary source of national-level data on substance use, mental health, and related behaviors among the U.S. civilian, non-institutionalized population aged 12 and older.

Because the NSDUH is methodologically consistent over time and covers tens of thousands of respondents each year, its year-over-year comparisons are among the most reliable tools researchers and policymakers have for tracking trends in substance use. When the survey reports a sustained multi-year decline among adolescents, that is a meaningful signal, not a statistical blip.

The Headline Numbers: What the 2025 Data Actually Show

Adolescents Aged 12–17

At 5.0% past-month prevalence, the current adolescent marijuana use rate represents a reduction of roughly 22% compared with the 2022 figure and a drop of more than 64% from the 2011 peak of 14.2%. SAMHSA's report noted declines across past-month use, past-year use, and past-year initiation — the three metrics most closely watched by public health researchers.

The initiation figure is particularly significant. A reduction of roughly 300,000 first-time adolescent users between 2021 and 2025 suggests the population of young people who have never tried marijuana is growing. This is the metric researchers watch when assessing whether prevention efforts and regulatory frameworks are having an upstream effect.

Young Adults Aged 18–25

SAMHSA characterized the 18–25 group as showing downward or stable trends over the five-year window from 2021 to 2025. The 2024 survey reported 24.1% past-month prevalence for this group. The 2025 data shows a decline from that baseline. This age group consistently has the highest prevalence of marijuana use of any demographic in the NSDUH, so even a modest sustained decline is notable.

What Might Explain the Decline?

Researchers and public health officials have offered several explanations for the multi-year trend, though no single cause has been definitively established:

  • Regulatory frameworks in legal-adult-use states that restrict youth access through age verification and licensed retail channels.

  • Shifting youth perception of harm — some research suggests perceived risk has edged upward in recent years.

  • School-based and community prevention programs updated to reflect the current legal landscape.

  • Reduced availability through unregulated channels as licensed markets mature and displace legacy sources.

  • Broader cultural shifts — the same period has also seen declining alcohol and tobacco use among teens nationally.

The NSDUH data alone cannot establish why use is declining. Other factors — including post-pandemic behavioral shifts and methodological changes — may also play a role. What the data shows is a real and sustained directional trend, not a one-year anomaly.

What This Means for the DMV: Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia

The national trend has direct local relevance for consumers and policymakers across Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia. All three jurisdictions restrict cannabis access to adults 21 and older and have implemented regulated delivery or retail models designed to route purchases away from unregulated sources.

In Washington DC, Initiative 71 establishes the framework for adult cannabis possession and gifting, with licensed delivery services required to verify ID at delivery. Maryland completed its transition to a regulated adult-use retail market in 2023. Virginia's licensed retail market is set to launch in 2026. Learn more in our Virginia Cannabis Retail 2026 guide.

For adult cannabis consumers in the DMV, compliant delivery services that require valid 21+ ID verification are part of the solution public health researchers argue is working. If you want to understand how legal cannabis access works in DC, our DC Cannabis Enforcement and Compliance 2026 guide has the details.

How to Read These Numbers Responsibly

Survey data on sensitive behaviors like substance use is inherently limited. Respondents may under-report due to stigma or legal concern. Changes in survey methodology, sampling, or weighting can create apparent trends that partly reflect measurement differences rather than true behavioral change. SAMHSA acknowledges these limitations in its methodology documentation, and independent researchers have noted them in peer-reviewed analyses.

None of this invalidates the finding — the direction of the trend is consistent and persistent enough to be credible. But it is a reason to treat the exact percentages as estimates rather than precise counts, and to be skeptical of narratives that overstate or dismiss the data to serve a predetermined conclusion.

Common Misunderstandings About Cannabis Use Data

  • "Legalization causes teen use to rise" — The NSDUH data has consistently shown the opposite at the national level. Teen use has fallen as more states have legalized, though researchers avoid claiming direct causation.

  • "Low prevalence means low risk" — A 5% past-month rate still represents millions of young people nationally. The goal of public health is to keep that number moving downward, not to declare victory.

  • "Past-month use means frequent use" — NSDUH captures anyone who used at least once in the previous 30 days. It does not distinguish between occasional and heavy use.

  • "Young adults are declining sharply" — For 18–25 year olds, SAMHSA's characterization is 'downward or stable,' which is more cautious than the clear decline seen among adolescents.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the NSDUH?

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) is an annual federal survey conducted by SAMHSA. It is the primary source of national data on substance use and mental health in the United States, covering the civilian, non-institutionalized population aged 12 and older.

What did the 2025 NSDUH find about teen marijuana use?

The 2025 NSDUH found that estimated past-month marijuana use among adolescents aged 12–17 was 5.0%, down from 6.1% in 2021. Past-year use was 8.7%. Approximately 300,000 fewer teens initiated marijuana use in 2025 compared with 2021.

Does cannabis legalization increase teen use?

Federal survey data has not supported this claim. Teen cannabis use has declined over the same period that more states adopted adult-use legalization. Researchers attribute this in part to stricter age-gating in licensed markets compared with unregulated ones, though other factors may also contribute.

How does DC, Maryland, and Virginia restrict youth cannabis access?

All three jurisdictions restrict cannabis to adults 21 and older. Washington DC operates under Initiative 71's gifting framework with licensed delivery services required to verify ID at delivery. Maryland has a fully regulated adult-use retail market. Virginia's licensed retail market is set to launch in 2026.

Are NSDUH numbers exact counts?

No. NSDUH figures are statistical estimates with margins of error, subject to limitations including under-reporting and methodological changes. The directional trends are meaningful, but exact percentages should be treated as informed estimates rather than precise head counts.

Where can I find the full 2025 NSDUH report?

The full NSDUH report is published by SAMHSA and available at samhsa.gov. This article is a general informational summary and is not individualized legal, medical, or regulatory advice.

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Conclusion

The 2025 NSDUH results provide genuine and encouraging data: estimated adolescent marijuana use is near a multi-decade low and continues to decline, and young adults aged 18–25 are also trending in a positive direction. A regulatory model built on age verification and licensed access appears to be doing its job.

For adult cannabis consumers in Washington DC, Maryland, and Virginia, legal compliant 21-and-over access is part of a healthier cannabis ecosystem for everyone. Bud Lords Weed Delivery operates in full compliance with DC's Initiative 71 framework, serving verified adults with same-day cannabis delivery across the DMV. Browse the Bud Lords menu for same-day weed delivery in DC, Maryland, and Virginia. Must be 21+ with valid ID.

Disclaimer: This article is for general informational purposes only and is not individualized legal, medical, or regulatory advice. Cannabis laws and survey data are subject to change. Source: SAMHSA 2025 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. This content was generated with AI assistance.

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